Baicalin is a flavonoid that has been found in S. baicalensis and has diverse biological activities.It reduces myocardial apoptosis and increases cardiac microvessel levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury when administered at doses of 30 and 100 mg/kg. Baicalin (50 and 80 mg/kg) increases the number of intratumor CD8⁺ T cells and reduces tumor volume in an H22 murine hepatocellular carcinoma model. It reduces LPS-induced cortical production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in a mouse model of neuroinflammation. Baicalin decreases body weight, increases the number of rats with regular estrous cycles, and ameliorates follicular development in a mouse model of dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It also decreases immobility time in the forced swim test in a mouse model of depression induced by chronic mild stress.

Baicalin is a flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity extracted from Scutellarua rivularis. HIV studies show that Baicalin inhibits HIV-1 replication by blocking the activity of the reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT). Baicalin has been suggested by Neural Stem cell studies to act as a strong inducer of neural differentiation by activating Erk1/2. Additionally, Baicalin was reported to inhibit the up-regulation of the connective tissue growth factor, and blocks the TLR2/4 signaling pathway. Baicalin is an inhibitor of PREP.

In clinical, baicalin is mainly used as the adjuvant therapy for acute and chronic hepatitis and persistent hepatitis. Baicalin was shown to reduce the expression of hepatitis B surface antigen, e antigen and the core antigen, and inhibited hepatitis B virus DNA replication. Reduced serum alanine aminotransferase level was observed in hepatitis patient treated with baicalin, and other liver function indexes were also found to be improved. No adverse reactions about baicalin have been reported. In addition, baicalin was reported to treat early diabetic nephropathy and alleviate the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy
As one of the antimicrobial components of Scutellaria baicalensis, eye drops containing 3% baicalin are used clinically in the treatment of trachoma, with the similar curative effect as rifampicin.
Moreover, baicalein is used clinically for the treatment of enteritis and dysentery.